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Combustion Characteristics of Ammonium Nitrate and Carbon Mixtures Based on a Thermal Decomposition Mechanism
Author(s) -
Izato Yuichiro,
Miyake Atsumi,
Date Shingo
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.56
H-Index - 65
eISSN - 1521-4087
pISSN - 0721-3115
DOI - 10.1002/prep.201100106
Subject(s) - combustion , thermal decomposition , carbon fibers , ammonium nitrate , decomposition , activated carbon , differential scanning calorimetry , stoichiometry , inorganic chemistry , graphite , chemistry , calorimetry , nitric acid , nitrate , pyrolysis , ammonium , materials science , chemical engineering , organic chemistry , composite material , thermodynamics , physics , adsorption , composite number , engineering
In order to obtain a better understanding of the combustion characteristics of ammonium nitrate (AN) and carbon (C) mixtures (AN/C), burning tests and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were performed. AN mixed with carbon that is oxidized by nitric acid (HNO 3 ), such as activated carbon (AC), burned at 1 MPa. However, AN mixed with carbon that is not oxidized by HNO 3 , such as graphite, did not burn under 7 MPa. Compositions with more than stoichiometric amounts of activated carbon had higher burning rates. Heat characteristic examinations found a similar trend. The burning rate of AN/AC mixed with CuO as a combustion catalyst deteriorated faster than an additive‐free one. From the DSC result, AN/AC/CuO had a higher onset temperature and a lower heat of reaction than AN/AC. These results suggested that, in the combustion wave of AN/C, a thermal decomposition zone is formed on the burning surface, and combustion performance was affected by the thermal decomposition of AN/C.