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Thermal Decomposition of energetic materials. 39. Fast thermolysis patterns of poly(methyl), poly(ethyl), and primary alkylammonium mononitrate salts
Author(s) -
Russell T. P.,
Brill T. B.
Publication year - 1990
Publication title -
propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.56
H-Index - 65
eISSN - 1521-4087
pISSN - 0721-3115
DOI - 10.1002/prep.19900150208
Subject(s) - thermal decomposition , chemistry , amine gas treating , decomposition , ammonium , nitrate , ammonium nitrate , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , infrared spectroscopy , inorganic chemistry , nitro , organic chemistry , polymer chemistry , alkyl , physics , quantum mechanics
Fast thermolysis (> 100°C/s)/FTIR spectroscopy of alkylammonium mononitrate salts is described in terms of the gas products and the temperature and time correlations of their evolution. The salts studied are [(CH 3 ) n NH 4 ‐ n ]NO 3 , n = 1–3; [(CH 3 CH 2 ) n NH 4 ‐ n ]NO 3 , n = 1–4; and [CH 3 (CH 2 ) n NH 3 ]NO 3 , n = 0–3. In addition to the patterns among the small molecule thermolysis products, the tendency to form nitrosamines, amides, and alkylnitrates is presented. The release of HNO 3 qualitatively correlates with the basicity of the parent amine. The tertiary ammonium nitrate salts did not release HNO 3 (g). The release of NH 3 (g) appears only to occur when the residue can stabilize itself. Otherwise, the parent alkylamine is released. The formation of nitrosamines upon fast thermolysis of di‐ and trialkylammonium nitrate salts makes these materials a potential health risk in formulations. There is no evidence that the nitrate salts convert to nitrosamines through a nitramine intermediate.