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Respiratory outcomes in the first 10 years of life in children with gastroschisis: A retrospective cohort study
Author(s) -
Asemota Osamuyi,
Derraugh Gabrielle,
Levesque Matthew,
Iqbal Shaikh,
Balshaw Robert,
Lum Min Suyin A.,
Keijzer Richard
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
pediatric pulmonology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.866
H-Index - 106
eISSN - 1099-0496
pISSN - 8755-6863
DOI - 10.1002/ppul.25404
Subject(s) - medicine , gastroschisis , bronchiolitis , pneumonia , pediatrics , bronchitis , retrospective cohort study , relative risk , population , cohort study , cohort , confidence interval , pregnancy , respiratory system , fetus , genetics , environmental health , biology
Background Little attention has been given to the long‐term respiratory outcomes of children with gastroschisis. The purpose of this study was to determine if gastroschisis survivors have more respiratory illnesses in their first 10 years of life compared with age‐matched controls. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of all gastroschisis children born in Manitoba between 1991 and 2017. Gastroschisis cases were identified from a clinical database, and a date of birth‐matched control cohort was constructed from a population‐based data repository. International Classification of Disease codes were used to compare the risk and frequency of respiratory diagnoses for children with gastroschisis to date of birth‐matched controls from 0–5 years of age and 5–10 years of age. Results The 0–5 years of age analysis included 117 gastroschisis cases and 1205 date of birth‐matched controls; children with gastroschisis had a higher risk of asthma (relative risk [RR] = 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03, 2.55; p = .029), acute bronchitis/bronchiolitis (RR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.27, 2.03; p < .001), pneumonia (RR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.45, 2.72; p < .001), viral pneumonia (RR = 5.15; 95% CI: 1.79, 14.81; p = .007), and pneumonia due to unspecified organism (RR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.45, 2.92; p < .001). Gastroschisis children 0–5 years of age were also diagnosed more frequently with bronchitis/bronchiolitis (RR = 2.14; 95% CI: 1.79, 2.57; p < .001) and viral pneumonia (RR = 8.10; 95% CI: 3.79, 17.31; p < .001). The 5–10 years of age analysis included 73 cases and 738 controls; no difference in the risk of respiratory illness was found for gastroschisis cases and controls in this age group. However, gastroschisis cases were more frequently diagnosed with bacterial pneumonia (RR = 3.03; 95% CI: 1.67, 5.51; p < .001) and influenza (RR = 3.03; 95% CI: 1.67, 5.51; p < .001). Conclusion Our study shows that children with gastroschisis have an increased risk of asthma and respiratory infections compared with children without gastroschisis, most noticeably in the first 5 years of life.