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Oxygen saturation to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio in preterm infants on routine parenteral nutrition with conventional or fish oil containing lipid emulsions
Author(s) -
Correani Alessio,
Dell'Orto Valentina,
Nobile Stefano,
Antognoli Luca,
Marchionni Paolo,
Giretti Ilaria,
Monachesi Chiara,
Rondina Clementina,
Palazzi Maria Laura,
Biagetti Chiara,
D'Ascenzo Rita,
Pompilio Adriana,
Simonato Manuela,
Cogo Paola,
Burattini Ilaria,
Carnielli Virgilio P.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
pediatric pulmonology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.866
H-Index - 106
eISSN - 1099-0496
pISSN - 8755-6863
DOI - 10.1002/ppul.24938
Subject(s) - medicine , bronchopulmonary dysplasia , parenteral nutrition , enteral administration , fish oil , birth weight , fraction of inspired oxygen , gastroenterology , polyunsaturated fatty acid , gestational age , gestation , pediatrics , pregnancy , fatty acid , mechanical ventilation , biochemistry , genetics , chemistry , fishery , fish <actinopterygii> , biology
Abstract Introduction The benefits of intravenous (IV) fish oil (FO), as a source of n‐3 long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, on lung growth in preterm infants, remain controversial. Aim To evaluate if IV FO improves lung growth in small preterm infants on routine parenteral nutrition (PN). Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed prospectively collected data of preterm infants with a birth weight <1250 g who received routine PN from birth. We compared patients who received FO containing IV lipid emulsions with infants who received conventional emulsions (CNTR). The oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) to a fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO 2 ) ratio (SFR) at 36 weeks (W) of gestation was chosen as the primary outcome variable to assess lung growth. Results Four hundred and seventy‐seven infants were studied: 240 received IV FO and 237 CNTR. While exposure to antenatal glucocorticoids was higher in IV FO group than in CNTR (95 vs 90%, P = .04), there were no differences in birth data, enteral and parenteral nutrition intakes, ventilator supports and drug therapies. The incidence of the most common complications of prematurity at 36 W was not different (bronchopulmonary dysplasia was 27 vs 21% in IV FO vs CNTR infants, P = .1). Weight gain from birth to 36 W was marginally, but significantly, higher (+0.5 g/kg/d, P = .03) in IV FO group vs CNTR. SFR increased from 32 W to 36 W in all study patients ( P < .001). IV FO infants had significantly lower SpO 2 from 33 W to 35 W ( P < .001) and lower (worse) SFR at 36 W (432 ± 57 vs 444 ± 51, P = .026) compared to CNTR. Conclusion Contrary to our hypothesis, the use of FO containing IV lipid emulsions for the routine PN of the preterm infant did not improve lung growth compared to the infants who received conventional IV lipid emulsions.