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Salbutamol and ipratropium by inhaler is superior to nebulizer in children with severe acute asthma exacerbation: Randomized clinical trial
Author(s) -
Iramain Ricardo,
CastroRodriguez Jose A.,
Jara Alfredo,
Cardozo Laura,
Bogado Norma,
Morinigo Rocío,
De Jesús Raúl
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
pediatric pulmonology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.866
H-Index - 106
eISSN - 1099-0496
pISSN - 8755-6863
DOI - 10.1002/ppul.24244
Subject(s) - ipratropium bromide , salbutamol , medicine , ipratropium , nebulizer , inhaler , asthma , exacerbation , anesthesia , metered dose inhaler , bronchodilator , nasal cannula , spirometry , surgery , cannula
Abstract Introduction In moderate‐severe asthma exacerbation, salbutamol by inhaler (MDI) is superior to salbutamol delivered by nebulizer (NEB); however, to our knowledge, no studies in children with exclusively severe exacerbations were performed. Objective To compare the efficacy of salbutamol and ipratropium bromide by MDI versus by NEB in severe asthma exacerbations. Methods We performed a clinical trial enrolling 103 children (2‐14 years of age) with severe asthma exacerbations (defined by the Pulmonary Score ≥ 7) seen at the emergency room in Asuncion, Paraguay. One group received salbutamol and ipratropium (two puff every 10 min for 2 h and then every 30 min for 2 h more) by MDI with a valved‐holding chamber and mask along with oxygen by a cannula separately (MDI‐SIB); and the other received nebulization with oxygen (NEB‐SIB) of salbutamol and ipratropium (1 every 20 min for 2 h and then every 30 min for 2 h more). Primary outcome was the rate of hospitalization (Pulmonary Score ≥ 7) after 4 h and secondary outcome was oxygen saturation. Results Fifty two children received MDI‐SIB and 51 NEB‐SIB. After the 4th hour, children on MDI‐SIB had significantly ( P = 0.003) lower rate of hospital admission than on NEB‐SIB (5.8% vs 27.5%, RR: 0.21 [0.06‐0.69], respectively). Similarly, a significant improved clinical score after 60 min and increase in oxygen saturation after 90 min of treatment was observed in MDI‐SIB versus NEB‐SIB group (4.46 ± 0.7 vs 5.76 ± 0.65, P < 0.00001; and 90.5 ± 1.7 vs 88.43 1 ± 1, P < 0.00001, respectively). Conclusion Even in severe asthma exacerbations administration of salbutamol and ipratropium by MDI with valved‐holding chamber and mask along with oxygen by a cannula separately was more effective than by a nebulizer.