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Increased cytokines in cystic fibrosis patients’ upper airways during a new P. aeruginosa colonization
Author(s) -
Jaudszus Anke,
Arnold Christin,
Hentschel Julia,
Hünniger Kerstin,
Baier Michael,
Mainz Jochen G.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
pediatric pulmonology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.866
H-Index - 106
eISSN - 1099-0496
pISSN - 8755-6863
DOI - 10.1002/ppul.24004
Subject(s) - medicine , pseudomonas aeruginosa , cytokine , cystic fibrosis , colonization , azithromycin , immunology , serology , titer , antibiotics , gastroenterology , antibody , microbiology and biotechnology , bacteria , biology , genetics
Objectives Previously, we found linkages of inflammatory mediator levels in CF upper airways (UAW) sampled by nasal lavage (NL) to disease severity and to chronic pathogen colonization such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PsA). Here, we assess UAW cytokine dynamics in CF patients with a new PsA colonization. Methods We measured cytokines in 149 longitudinally obtained NL samples from 34 CF patients. Cytokine concentrations determined prior to, at the time of de novo PsA detection in either UAW or lower airways (LAW), and in a subsequent PsA free period in newly colonized patients (PsA‐new/ n = 7) were compared to levels of not‐ (PsA‐free/ n = 13) and chronically colonized patients (PsA‐chron/ n = 14). Moreover, serological and clinical data were compiled. Results Concentrations of IL‐1ß, IL‐6, and IL‐8 in samples taken prior to new PsA detection were comparable with PsA‐free patients. At the time of PsA detection and, most interestingly, irrespective of whether PsA occurred in the UAW or LAW, IL‐8 increased ( P = 0.009) and IL‐6 tended to increase ( P = 0.081). In these patients, detection of PsA was not related to elevated PsA antibody‐titers. In comparison, NL of PsA‐chron patients revealed generally lower IL‐8 and IL‐1β concentrations as in PsA‐free patients, most likely due to a consequent antibiotic and anti‐inflammatory therapy (eg, with azithromycin). Conclusions Monitoring cytokine dynamics in the UAW by serial NL sampling may be valuable in the early phase of PsA acquisition and, thus, increase the chance to adjust treatment options early and more specifically.