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Asthma and atopic dermatitis after early‐, late‐, and post‐term birth
Author(s) -
Korhonen Päivi,
Haataja Paula,
Ojala Riitta,
Hirvonen Mikko,
Korppi Matti,
Paassilta Marita,
Uotila Jukka,
Gissler Mika,
Luukkaala Tiina,
Tammela Outi
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
pediatric pulmonology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.866
H-Index - 106
eISSN - 1099-0496
pISSN - 8755-6863
DOI - 10.1002/ppul.23942
Subject(s) - medicine , atopic dermatitis , asthma , odds ratio , confidence interval , population , pediatrics , pregnancy , incidence (geometry) , relative risk , obstetrics , immunology , environmental health , physics , biology , optics , genetics
Objective To assess the incidence and risk factors of asthma and atopic dermatitis by seven years of age after early‐term (ET) (37 +0 ‐38 +6 weeks), full‐term (FT) (39 +0 ‐40 +6 weeks), late‐term (LT) (41 +0 ‐41 +6 weeks), and especially post‐term (PT) (≥42 weeks) birth. Methods Altogether, 965 203 infants born between 1991 and 2008 in Finland were investigated in ET, FT, LT, and PT groups. Data on asthma medication reimbursement and hospital visits for atopic dermatitis were retrieved from national health databases. Results The frequencies of asthma medication reimbursement in the ET, FT, LT, and PT groups were 4.5%, 3.7%, 3.3%, and 3.2%, respectively. Hospital visits due to atopic dermatitis were most common after PT birth. Compared with FT births, ET births were associated with an increased risk of asthma (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20, 1.17‐1.23), while LT (aOR, 95%CI 0.91, 0.89‐0.93) births and PT (aOR, 95%CI 0.87, 0.83‐0.92) births decreased this risk. PT birth (aOR, 95%CI 1.06, 1.01‐1.10) predicted atopic dermatitis. From a population point of view, the most relevant risk factors for asthma were male sex, ET birth, smoking during pregnancy and birth by elective cesarean section, and for atopic dermatitis male sex, first delivery, birth in a level II hospital and birth by cesarean section. Conclusions Early‐term birth was a predictor of asthma, and PT birth was associated with atopic dermatitis. Counseling against smoking and following strict indications for planned ET deliveries and cesarean sections may be means to reduce the risk of later asthma.