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Blood eosinophilia is associated with unfavorable hospitalization outcomes in children with bronchiolitis
Author(s) -
Shein Steven L.,
Li Hong,
Gaston Benjamin
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
pediatric pulmonology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.866
H-Index - 106
eISSN - 1099-0496
pISSN - 8755-6863
DOI - 10.1002/ppul.23219
Subject(s) - medicine , eosinophilia , bronchiolitis , asthma , complete blood count , eosinophil , population , pediatrics , gastroenterology , respiratory system , environmental health
Summary Background Bronchiolitis, the most common indication for hospitalization of young children, is associated with subsequent asthma. Blood eosinophilia is associated with increased severity of asthma, but it is unclear if eosinophilia is associated with severity of illness in bronchiolitis. We hypothesized that blood eosinophilia is associated with unfavorable short‐term outcomes of bronchiolitis hospitalizations. Methods Data from initial bronchiolitis admissions to our institution between 2010 and 2013 were extracted using Population Explorer software (Explorys, Cleveland, OH). Children were categorized as “CBC‐none” (no complete blood count [CBC] data during the first 7 days of hospitalization), EOS‐positive (at least one CBC with ≥300 eosinophils per microliter or ≥3% of all leukocytes identified as eosinophils) or EOS‐negative (at least one CBC and no eosinophilia). The association between hospitalization duration and maximum absolute eosinophil count (AEC) was analyzed using Spearman correlation. Variables independently associated with prolonged (≥72 hr) hospitalization were identified using stepwise multivariate logistic regression. Results In 1356 inpatients <24 months with bronchiolitis, median hospitalization duration was 2.46 days and 38.0% had prolonged hospitalization. CBC data were available in 32.4% of subjects: 20.7% were EOS‐positive and 79.3% were EOS‐negative. Increased maximum AEC was significantly associated with longer duration of hospitalization. Prolonged hospitalization was independently associated with EOS‐positive versus EOS‐negative children (OR 1.88, 95%CI: 1.12–3.17, P = 0.020). Mechanical ventilation was most common in EOS‐positive subjects (24.2% of cases), versus EOS‐negative (7.2%) and CBC‐none (0.7%) ( P < 0.001). Conclusions Blood eosinophilia is associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes in a large cohort of inpatients with bronchiolitis. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:77–83. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.