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Efficacy of palivizumab prophylaxis among infants with congenital heart disease: A case control study
Author(s) -
Ozyurt Abdullah,
Narin Nazmi,
Baykan Ali,
Argun Mustafa,
Pamukcu Ozge,
Zararsiz Gokmen,
Sunkak Suleyman,
Uzum Kazim
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
pediatric pulmonology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.866
H-Index - 106
eISSN - 1099-0496
pISSN - 8755-6863
DOI - 10.1002/ppul.23102
Subject(s) - medicine , palivizumab , odds ratio , pediatrics , heart disease , confidence interval , bronchopulmonary dysplasia , chemoprophylaxis , gestational age , respiratory system , pregnancy , biology , genetics
Summary Background Palivizumab prophylaxis for RSV has been consistently reported to reduce the risk of hospital admissions related to RSV infection in children with symptomatic cardiac disease. This study was designed to investigate the efficacy of palivizumab prophylaxis among infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) in Turkey. Methods A total of 91 infants with CHD who received palivizumab prophylaxis and 96 infants with CHD without prophylaxis (0–12 months:52; 12–24 months:44) were included in this single‐center retrospective case control study. Data on patient characteristics, household environment, and LRTIs were evaluated. Results In patients without prophylaxis, the rate of overall lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) ( P < 0.001), complicated LRTIs ( P = 0.006), LRTI‐related hospitalization ( P < 0.001) and ICU admission ( P = 0.008) were significantly higher than control patients. Weight <10th percentile (odds ratio ( OR ) 5.78, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.37; 24.4, P < 0.001) and concomitant chromosome abnormality (OR 4.01, 95% CI:1.01;16.45, P < 0.001) in patients with prophylaxis, while presence of a sibling <11 years of age (OR 3.38, 95% CI: 1.21; 9.46, P < 0.001) and congestive heart failure (OR 8.63, 95% CI: 2.81; 26.6, P < 0.001) in the control group were the significant correlates of LRTI‐related hospitalization. Conclusion Our findings revealed significantly lower rate of overall and complicated LRTIs, LRTI‐related hospitalization and ICU admissions in infants with CHD via palivizumab prophylaxis. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2015; 50:1025–1032. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.