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Effects of dietary induced weight loss on exercise‐induced bronchoconstriction in overweight and obese children
Author(s) -
van Leeuwen Janneke C.,
Hoogstrate Mira,
Duiverman Eric J.,
Thio Boony J.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
pediatric pulmonology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.866
H-Index - 106
eISSN - 1099-0496
pISSN - 8755-6863
DOI - 10.1002/ppul.22932
Subject(s) - medicine , overweight , exhaled nitric oxide , weight loss , bronchoconstriction , asthma , body mass index , obesity , quality of life (healthcare) , physical therapy , pediatrics , nursing
Summary Rationale Previous studies showed that obesity in asthmatic children is associated with more severe exercise‐induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), compared with non‐obese asthmatic children. This study investigates the effect of weight loss on EIB in overweight and obese asthmatic children. Methods In this intervention study, children aged 8–18 years with EIB and moderate to severe overweight, followed a diet based on healthy daily intake for 6 weeks. Before and after the diet period they underwent an exercise challenge test in cold air. Primary outcome was change in exercise‐induced fall in FEV 1 and relation between weight loss and EIB. Secondary outcomes were changes in recovery of FEV 1 (“area under the curve”; AUC), fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and scores of the Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) and Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ). Results Twenty children completed the study. After the diet period, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were significantly reduced (changes respectively −2.6% and −1.5 kg/m 2 , P < 0.01). There was a significant improvement of the percentage exercise‐induced fall in FEV 1 (30.6% vs. 21.8%, P < 0.01), AUC and PAQLQ score. The reduction in BMI z‐score was significantly related to the reduction in the percentage exercise‐induced fall in FEV 1 in children that lost weight (r = 0.53, P = 0.03). There were no changes in FeNO and ACQ. Conclusions Dietary induced weight loss in overweight and obese asthmatic children leads to significant reduction in severity of EIB and improvement of the quality of life. The reduction in BMI z‐score is significantly related to the improvement of EIB. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2014; 49:1155–1161. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.