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Reference values for sleep‐related respiratory variables in asymptomatic European children and adolescents
Author(s) -
Verhulst S.L.,
Schrauwen N.,
Haentjens D.,
Van Gaal L.,
De Backer W.A.,
Desager K.N.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
pediatric pulmonology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.866
H-Index - 106
eISSN - 1099-0496
pISSN - 8755-6863
DOI - 10.1002/ppul.20551
Subject(s) - medicine , obstructive sleep apnea , polysomnography , respiratory disturbance index , apnea–hypopnea index , apnea , asymptomatic , body mass index , overweight , pediatrics , anesthesia
Aim: Only a limited number of studies, designed to establish normal values for sleep‐related respiratory variables in children, have been reported, and all are non‐European. The aim of this study was to expand the knowledge on normative data in children. Methods: Subjects ranging from 6 to 16 years were recruited and underwent full polysomnography. Only subjects without sleep disordered breathing or other sleep problems as assessed by clinical history were included. Results: Sixty subjects were studied (〈age〉 = 11.7 ± 2.6 years; 28 boys; 〈relBMI〉 = 118.8 ± 30.6%). 〈Central apnea index〉 was 0.85 ± 1.06 (range: 0.0–5.5). 〈Obstructive apnea index〉 was 0.06 ± 0.16 (range: 0.0–0.9); 11 patients had a total of 31 obstructive apneas. Only five obstructive hypopneas were detected with 〈obstructive apnea hypopnea index〉 = 0.08 ± 0.17 (range: 0.0–0.9). 〈Respiratory disturbance index〉 was 1.98 ± 1.39 (range: 0.1–7.2). 〈SaO 2 〉 was 97.0 ± 0.6% (range: 96.0–98.0); 〈SaO 2 nadir〉 was 91.8 ± 2.7% (range: 82.0–96.0); 〈% of total sleep time with SaO 2 ≥ 95%〉 was 98.7 ± 2.1% (range: 90.8–100.0); 〈oxygen desaturation index〉 was 0.8 ± 0.9 (range: 0.0–4.9) and 〈arousal index〉 was 6.1 ± 1.8 (range: 2.7–10.9). Snoring was detected in 15 patients (4 overweight subjects), with no difference in patient characteristics and sleep‐related respiratory variables between snorers and non‐snorers. Subjects in the overweight group (n = 22) had a lower SaO 2 nadir (90.8 ± 2.7 vs. 92.4 ± 2.6; P = 0.01) and a higher ODI (1.3 ± 1.3 vs. 0.4 ± 0.4; P = 0.0002) than their normal weight peers. Conclusion: Our data are in agreement with other non‐European studies, designed to establish normal values in children. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2007; 42:159–167. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.