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From Bulk to Nanoparticles: An Overview of Antiviral Materials, Its Mechanisms, and Applications
Author(s) -
Rodrigues Isabella C. P.,
Campo Kaio N.,
Arns Clarice W.,
Gabriel Laís P.,
Webster Thomas J.,
Lopes Éder S. N.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
particle and particle systems characterization
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.877
H-Index - 56
eISSN - 1521-4117
pISSN - 0934-0866
DOI - 10.1002/ppsc.202100044
Subject(s) - nanotechnology , covid-19 , broad spectrum , materials science , chemistry , medicine , infectious disease (medical specialty) , combinatorial chemistry , disease , pathology
Infectious diseases caused by viruses are a global health concern and have become prominent in light of the recent COVID‐19 pandemic. Considering the limitations of drugs and prophylactic methods used in current medicine, antiviral materials are a useful strategy in preventing the spread of viruses and enhancing treatment efficiency. Thus, this review highlights the state‐of‐the‐art antiviral materials, describes the scientific landscape of the primary antiviral materials used based on bibliometric analysis, presents their mechanisms of action, and discusses their clinical applications. The mechanisms of action underlying the broad‐spectrum antiviral properties of metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites are also discussed. Polyanions, polycations, oxides, and metal‐based materials, from bulk to nanoparticles, have good potential in antiviral applications that may help prepare the world for future viral breakouts.