Recent microweathering phenomena in southern and central Sweden

More than 200 weathering sites, in southern and central Sweden, representing different rock types and environments have been investigated. Field studies were complemented by thin‐section examination and laboratory simulation experiments. Research results in a classification of weathering forms in crystalline rocks in cool temperate climates. Special attention is paid to Holocene microweathering, facilitated because glaciation removed most old weathered material. Only minor forms, including surface colorations, mineral weathering, pitting and flaking, have been produced entirely during the Holocene. Where recent breakdown is observed, the primary reason must be sought in the geological history of rock. Holocene microweathering a few cm in depth is caused by a complex interaction between different weathering processes. Salt crystallization, however, seems important in areas that have experienced seashore conditions. Often the forms produced are as much the result of rock properties as of actual weathering processes.