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Effectiveness of a theory‐based sun‐safe randomised behavioural change trial among Australian adolescents
Author(s) -
White Katherine M.,
Zhao Xiang,
Starfelt Sutton Louise C.,
Young Ross McD,
Hamilton Kyra,
Hawkes Anna L.,
Leske Stuart
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
psycho‐oncology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.41
H-Index - 137
eISSN - 1099-1611
pISSN - 1057-9249
DOI - 10.1002/pon.4967
Subject(s) - theory of planned behavior , intervention (counseling) , normative , multivariate analysis of variance , randomized controlled trial , sun protection , psychology , repeated measures design , behavior change , behaviour change , perception , medicine , clinical psychology , control (management) , social psychology , environmental health , philosophy , statistics , management , surgery , epistemology , mathematics , machine learning , psychiatry , neuroscience , computer science , economics
Abstract Objective Sun safety is crucial for preventing skin cancer. This study evaluated a school‐based intervention based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), which aimed to encourage sun‐protective behaviour among adolescents. Methods Secondary school students (N = 382; 61.1% female; M age = 13.73 y) in Queensland, Australia, participated in the study. Schools were randomly allocated to an intervention or control group. The intervention focussed on fostering positive attitudes, increasing perceptions of normative support, and strengthening control perceptions. Participants completed questionnaires assessing the TPB variables and sun‐protective behaviour (weekday and weekend) 1 week before intervention (time 1), 1 week after intervention (time 2), and 4 weeks after intervention (time 3). Results With baseline between‐group differences in TPB variables matched, repeated‐measures multivariate analysis of variance was used to evaluate the Time × Condition effects across time. Multigroup comparisons using path models traced the intervariable changes. From times 1 to 3, a significant improvement in weekend sun‐protective behaviour was identified in the intervention group (but not the control group), whereas cognitions showed no significant changes across time for either conditions. Multigroup comparisons on path coefficients between the intervention and control group participants indicated that the intervention group members formed stronger positive associations between perceived behavioural control and intention at time 2 and between perceived control and behaviour at time 3. Conclusion The significant behavioural change on weekends highlights the value of targeting control perceptions, which may encourage adolescents' sun‐protective behaviour. Further studies are needed to understand the absence of significant changes in weekday sun‐safe behaviour among this at‐risk cohort.