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Expecting the worst? The relationship between retrospective and prospective appraisals of illness on quality of life in prostate cancer survivors
Author(s) -
Maguire Rebecca,
Hanly Paul,
Drummond Frances J.,
Gavin Anna,
Sharp Linda
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
psycho‐oncology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.41
H-Index - 137
eISSN - 1099-1611
pISSN - 1057-9249
DOI - 10.1002/pon.4660
Subject(s) - prostate cancer , quality of life (healthcare) , medicine , retrospective cohort study , prospective cohort study , adverse effect , cancer , disease , population , physical therapy , environmental health , nursing
Objective Despite a generally good prognosis, many prostate cancer survivors have poor quality of life (QOL). A greater understanding of how psychological appraisals influence QOL is merited given their potentially modifiable nature. In this study, we considered how elements of survivors' retrospective and prospective appraisals relate to QOL. Methods A total of 1229 prostate cancer survivors between 2 and 5 years post‐diagnosis, identified from a population‐based National Cancer Registry, were asked questions on their socio‐demographics, health, treatment received, and adverse‐effects using a cross‐sectional design. QOL was assessed using the EORTC QLQ‐C30. Retrospective appraisals were assessed by asking survivors to reflect on their experience of treatment‐related adverse‐effects compared with their prior expectations. A fear of recurrence scale assessed prospective appraisals of future disease course. A multiple regression model explored the impact of psychological appraisals on QOL, after controlling for socio‐demographic, treatment, and health‐related factors. Results The model was significant explaining 37% of variance in QOL. The strongest associate with QOL was fear of recurrence (β = −.29; P < .001). Survivors who experienced side effects that were worse than expected had significantly lower QOL (β = −.10; P = .002). Other significant correlates of lower QOL were presence of comorbidities, having undergone a less invasive treatment, and having more advanced disease. Working at diagnosis and having a higher level of education were significantly associated with higher QOL. Conclusions Results suggest both retrospective and prospective appraisals are independently related to QOL in prostate cancer. Providing survivors with more information about possible adverse effects of treatment, as well as providing appropriate information regarding future disease progression, may improve QOL.