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Population‐, intervention‐ and methodology‐related characteristics of clinical trials impact exercise efficacy during adjuvant therapy for breast cancer: a meta‐regression analysis
Author(s) -
Carayol Marion,
Delpierre Cyrille,
Bernard Paquito,
Ninot Grégory
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
psycho‐oncology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.41
H-Index - 137
eISSN - 1099-1611
pISSN - 1057-9249
DOI - 10.1002/pon.3727
Subject(s) - anxiety , medicine , psychological intervention , physical therapy , meta analysis , breast cancer , population , randomized controlled trial , aerobic exercise , depression (economics) , quality of life (healthcare) , clinical psychology , cancer , psychiatry , environmental health , economics , macroeconomics , nursing
Objective Significant heterogeneity was highlighted in recent meta‐analyses examining exercise effects in cancer patients, suggesting that some characteristics may moderate exercise efficacy. The objectives of this meta‐analysis are (1) to investigate the influence of methodology, population and intervention studies' characteristics on the association of exercise with fatigue, quality‐of‐life (QoL), anxiety and depression; (2) to identify exercise intervention characteristics that may maximize efficacy and evaluate the level of evidence about exercise efficacy in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Methods Thirty‐three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating exercise were systematically identified. Population, intervention and methodology characteristics were extracted, coded by two independent investigators and tested as moderators of exercise effect in meta‐regression models. Psychological outcomes summary effects were then computed by pooling subgroup of RCTs based on categorized moderators. Results Indications of selection bias (random sequence generation) or attrition bias (high attrition rate, no intent‐to‐treat analysis) were associated with better exercise efficacy on QoL, anxiety and depression. Low total prescribed exercise doses (<140 METs.h) or short duration (<16 weeks) interventions yielded fatigue, anxiety and depression reductions whereas higher doses or duration did not. Mind–body interventions led to greater decrease of fatigue and anxiety rather than aerobic/resistance‐based interventions. Conclusion Our findings indicated that exercise‐based interventions may improve fatigue, QoL, anxiety and depression, but the evidence mainly rely on studies prone to methodological biases. A prescription of approximately 100 MET.h, e.g. ~120 min of weekly moderate physical exercise for 10 weeks involving mind–body activities, could be advised to maximize fatigue reduction. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.