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Photocatalytic degradation of basic blue dye using zinc nanoparticles decorated graphene oxide nanosheet
Author(s) -
Al Aqad Khaled M.,
Basheer Chanbasha
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of physical organic chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.325
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1099-1395
pISSN - 0894-3230
DOI - 10.1002/poc.4117
Subject(s) - graphene , photocatalysis , x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , raman spectroscopy , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , chemistry , nanocomposite , oxide , aniline , scanning electron microscope , benzene , nanosheet , nanoparticle , photochemistry , chemical engineering , zinc , catalysis , inorganic chemistry , materials science , organic chemistry , nanotechnology , physics , optics , engineering , composite material
Reduced graphene oxide nanosheets were prepared by a modified hummer method and decorated with zinc nanoparticles to form nanocomposite (ZnO/RGO). The nanostructure surface materials of RGO with ZnO consist of different functional groups such as carboxyl, carbonyl, and hydroxyl groups, which facilitate the oxidation process of dye. Various techniques characterized the synthesized nanocomposites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed good surface morphology of ZnO/RGO, and X‐ray diffraction illustrated a high crystal structure of the surface. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) shows the functional groups of nanocomposites ZnO/RGO. The Raman and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectroscopies illustrate the surface and functional properties of ZnO/RGO catalyst. Moreover, the optical characterization achieved good value around 3.29 eV because of the decoration of ZnO on the surface of graphene oxide. Optimized conditions show up to 98% photocatalytic degradation of basic blue dye. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry was used for the analysis of degradation and intermediate identification. The proposed degradation mechanism of basic blue by the following steps, cleavage of C–C bonds in the benzene ring, and N‐N bond during the attack of OH• radicals, (iii) cleavage of aniline and C–C bonds of the benzene group.