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The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell‐derived extracellular vesicles
Author(s) -
Katsuda Takeshi,
Kosaka Nobuyoshi,
Takeshita Fumitaka,
Ochiya Takahiro
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
proteomics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.26
H-Index - 167
eISSN - 1615-9861
pISSN - 1615-9853
DOI - 10.1002/pmic.201200373
Subject(s) - mesenchymal stem cell , paracrine signalling , extracellular vesicles , cell type , microvesicles , microbiology and biotechnology , cell , biology , microrna , intracellular , microvesicle , stem cell , computational biology , gene , biochemistry , receptor
Extracellular vesicles ( EV s), membrane vesicles that are secreted by a variety of mammalian cell types, have been shown to play an important role in intercellular communication. The contents of EV s, including proteins, micro RNA s, and m RNA s, vary according to the cell type that secreted them. Accordingly, researchers have demonstrated that EV s derived from various cell types play different roles in biological phenomena. Considering the ubiquitous presence of mesenchymal stem cells ( MSC s) in the body, MSC ‐derived EV s may take part in a wide range of events. In particular, MSC s have recently attracted much attention due to the therapeutic effects of their secretory factors. MSC ‐derived EV s may therefore provide novel therapeutic approaches. In this review, we first summarize the wide range of functions of EV s released from different cell types, emphasizing that EV s echo the phenotype of their parent cell. Then, we describe the various therapeutic effects of MSC s and pay particular attention to the significance of their paracrine effect. We then survey recent reports on MSC ‐derived EV s and consider the therapeutic potential of MSC ‐derived EV s. Finally, we discuss remaining issues that must be addressed before realizing the practical application of MSC ‐derived EV s, and we provide some suggestions for enhancing their therapeutic efficiency.