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Proteomic technologies for the identification of disease biomarkers in serum: Advances and challenges ahead
Author(s) -
Ray Sandipan,
Reddy Panga J.,
Jain Rekha,
Gollapalli Kishore,
Moiyadi Aliasgar,
Srivastava Sanjeeva
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
proteomics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.26
H-Index - 167
eISSN - 1615-9861
pISSN - 1615-9853
DOI - 10.1002/pmic.201000460
Subject(s) - proteome , biomarker discovery , proteomics , biomarker , computational biology , human proteome project , biology , disease , identification (biology) , bioinformatics , medicine , biochemistry , pathology , gene , botany
Serum is an ideal biological sample that contains an archive of information due to the presence of a variety of proteins released by diseased tissue, and serum proteomics has gained considerable interest for the disease biomarker discovery. Easy accessibility and rapid protein changes in response to disease pathogenesis makes serum an attractive sample for clinical research. Despite these advantages, the analysis of serum proteome is very challenging due to the wide dynamic range of proteins, difficulty in finding low‐abundance target analytes due to the presence of high‐abundance serum proteins, high levels of salts and other interfering compounds, variations among individuals and paucity of reproducibility. Sample preparation introduces pre‐analytical variations and poses major challenges to analyze the serum proteome. The label‐free detection techniques such as surface plasmon resonance, microcantilever, few nanotechniques and different resonators are rapidly emerging for the analysis of serum proteome and they have exhibited potential to overcome few limitations of the conventional techniques. In this article, we will discuss the current status of serum proteome analysis for the biomarker discovery and address key technological advancements, with a focus on challenges and amenable solutions.