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Comparison of ecological validity of learning disabilities diagnostic models
Author(s) -
Dean Vincent J.,
Burns Matthew K.,
Grialou Tina,
Varro Patrick J.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
psychology in the schools
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.738
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1520-6807
pISSN - 0033-3085
DOI - 10.1002/pits.20143
Subject(s) - psychology , ecological validity , context (archaeology) , learning disability , construct validity , construct (python library) , test validity , intervention (counseling) , response to intervention , academic achievement , developmental psychology , psychometrics , cognition , psychiatry , computer science , programming language , biology , paleontology
The purpose of this article is to examine models designed for the determination of a learning disability and compare them to specific criteria to determine whether the given diagnostic process is ecological in nature. The traditional child‐centered deficit model (CCD), Relative Achievement Discrepancy model (RAD), and Responsiveness to Intervention model (RTI) were evaluated against the following three questions: (a) Does the environmental context of the assessment adequately represent the real‐life situation? (b) Are the assessment stimuli relevant to the daily classroom activity? (c) Are the student behavior and/or required response natural and representative of the construct being assessed? The results of this examination suggested that the RTI has the most potential for ecological validity, but currently falls short. Suggestions for future research are included. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 43: 157–168, 2006.