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Effective efficiency of PV modules under field conditions
Author(s) -
Topi Marko,
Brecl Kristijan,
Sites James
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
progress in photovoltaics: research and applications
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.286
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1099-159X
pISSN - 1062-7995
DOI - 10.1002/pip.717
Subject(s) - irradiance , photovoltaic system , conductance , equivalent series resistance , energy conversion efficiency , field (mathematics) , computer science , leakage (economics) , environmental science , mathematics , materials science , electrical engineering , optoelectronics , engineering , optics , physics , voltage , combinatorics , pure mathematics , economics , macroeconomics
The conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules varies with irradiance and temperature in a predictable fashion, and hence the effective efficiency averaged over a year under field conditions can be reliably assessed. The suggested procedure is to define the efficiency versus irradiance and temperature for a specific module, collect the local irradiance and temperature data, and combine the two mathematically, resulting in effective efficiency. Reasonable approximations simplify the process. The module performance ratio is defined to be the ratio of effective efficiency to that under standard test conditions. Variations of the order of 10% in this factor among manufacturers, primarily the result of the differences in effective series resistance and leakage conductance, are not unusual. A focus on these parameters that control the effective efficiency should provide a path to PV modules with improved field performance. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.