Premium
Innovative floating bifacial photovoltaic solutions for inland water areas
Author(s) -
Ziar Hesan,
Prudon Bjorn,
Lin FenYu Vicky,
Roeffen Bart,
Heijkoop Dennis,
Stark Tim,
Teurlincx Sven,
Senerpont Domis Lisette,
Goma Elias Garcia,
Extebarria Julen Garro,
Alavez Ignacio Narvaez,
Tilborg Daniel,
Laar Hein,
Santbergen Rudi,
Isabella Olindo
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
progress in photovoltaics: research and applications
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.286
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1099-159X
pISSN - 1062-7995
DOI - 10.1002/pip.3367
Subject(s) - photovoltaic system , environmental science , environmental engineering , meteorology , atmospheric sciences , engineering , electrical engineering , geology , physics
Photovoltaic (PV) technology has the potential to be integrated on many surfaces in various environments, even on water. Modeling, design, and realization of a floating PV system have more challenges than conventional rooftop or freestanding PV system. In this work, we introduce two innovative concepts for floating bifacial PV systems, describing their modeling, design, and performance monitoring. The developed concepts are retractable and enable maximum energy production through tracking the Sun. Various floating PV systems (monofacial, bifacial with and without reflectors) with different tilts and tracking capabilities are installed on a Dutch pond and are being monitored. Results of the thermal study showed that partially soaking the frame of PV modules into water does not bring a considerable additional yield (+0.17%) and revealed that floating PV modules experience higher temperature special variance compared with land‐based systems. Observations showed that the birds' presence has a severe effect on floating PV performance in the short term. Electrical yield investigation concluded that due to low albedo of inland water areas (~6.5%), bifacial PV systems must have reflectors. One‐year monitoring showed that a bifacial PV system with reflector and horizontal tracking delivers ~17.3% more specific yield (up to 29% in a clear‐sky month) compared with a monofacial PV system installed on land. Ecological monitoring showed no discernable impacts on the water quality in weekly samplings but did show significant impacts on the aquatic plant biomass and periods of low oxygen concentrations.