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Impact of alloying duration of an electrodeposited Cu/Sn/Zn metallic stack on properties of Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 absorbers for thin‐film solar cells
Author(s) -
Jiang Feng,
Ikeda Shigeru,
Tang Zeguo,
Minemoto Takashi,
Septina Wilman,
Harada Takashi,
Matsumura Michio
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
progress in photovoltaics: research and applications
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.286
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1099-159X
pISSN - 1062-7995
DOI - 10.1002/pip.2638
Subject(s) - czts , materials science , stack (abstract data type) , short circuit , solar cell , thin film , metal , open circuit voltage , acceptor , optoelectronics , energy conversion efficiency , metallurgy , voltage , nanotechnology , condensed matter physics , electrical engineering , physics , computer science , programming language , engineering
Abstract The impacts of preheating of an electrodeposited Cu/Sn/Zn (CTZ) stack precursor on structural changes of the CTZ precursor and the impact on structural and electric properties of the finally obtained Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 (CZTS) films are discussed in detail. We found that preheating for relatively long durations improved the qualities of CZTS films: these films were composed of large grains and had compact and flat surface morphologies. The best solar cell with efficiency of 8.1% was obtained on the basis of a CZTS film derived from the CTZ precursor preheated for 200 min. The external quantum efficiency response of the cell indicated efficient utilization of photons with relatively long wavelength regions because of its good structural and electronic properties. On the other hand, a short circuit current density–temperature property of one of the best cells in this study suggested that the CZTS film had deep acceptor levels and/or an appreciable energy barrier to the Mo back contact. Moreover, an open circuit voltage–temperature property of the corresponding device showed activation energy of 1.18 eV, indicating preferential occurrence of CdS–CZTS interface recombination. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.