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9.0% efficient Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 solar cells from selenized nanoparticle inks
Author(s) -
Miskin Caleb K.,
Yang WeiChang,
Hages Charles J.,
Carter Nathaniel J.,
Joglekar Chinmay S.,
Stach Eric A.,
Agrawal Rakesh
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
progress in photovoltaics: research and applications
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.286
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1099-159X
pISSN - 1062-7995
DOI - 10.1002/pip.2472
Subject(s) - kesterite , nanoparticle , raman spectroscopy , materials science , transmission electron microscopy , nanotechnology , chemical engineering , layer (electronics) , czts , inkwell , thin film solar cell , characterization (materials science) , optoelectronics , optics , composite material , physics , engineering
Thin‐film solar cells using Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 absorber materials continue to attract increasing attention. The synthesis of kesterite Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 nanoparticles by a modified method of hot injection is explained. Characterization of the nanoparticles by energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Raman, and transmission electron microscopy is presented and discussed. When suspended in an ink, coated, and processed into a device, the nanoparticles obtained by this synthesis achieve a total area (active area) efficiency of 9.0% (9.8%) using AM 1.5 illumination and light soaking. This improvement over the previous efficiency of 7.2% is attributed to the modified synthesis approach, as well as fine‐tuned conditions for selenizing the coated nanoparticles into a dense absorber layer. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.