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Investigation of Al back contacts and BSF formation by in situ TEM for silicon solar cells
Author(s) -
Park Sungeun,
Song Jooyoung,
Tark Sung Ju,
Kim Young Do,
Choi Cheljong,
Kwon Soonwoo,
Yoon Sewang,
Son ChangSik,
Kim Donghwan
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
progress in photovoltaics: research and applications
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.286
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1099-159X
pISSN - 1062-7995
DOI - 10.1002/pip.2322
Subject(s) - wafer , materials science , transmission electron microscopy , silicon , crystalline silicon , evaporation , diffusion , solar cell , optoelectronics , nanotechnology , in situ , chemical engineering , chemistry , physics , thermodynamics , organic chemistry , engineering
ABSTRACT Back contacts for Si solar cells made by Al evaporation and screen printing Al paste were studied by transmission electron microscopy. Si was found to diffuse into the Al during heating. Si diffusion formed vacancies in the Si wafer and Al could then penetrate the Si wafer in spiked formations. The Al spikes retracted during cooling, leaving a doped back surface field region. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.