Premium
Inner surface modification of halloysite nanotubes and its influence on morphology and thermal properties of polystyrene/polyamide‐11 blends
Author(s) -
Sahnoune Mohamed,
Taguet Aurélie,
Otazaghine Belkacem,
Kaci Mustapha,
LopezCuesta JoséMarie
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
polymer international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.592
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1097-0126
pISSN - 0959-8103
DOI - 10.1002/pi.5266
Subject(s) - halloysite , materials science , thermogravimetric analysis , differential scanning calorimetry , chemical engineering , polyamide , polystyrene , scanning electron microscope , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , crystallization , polymer chemistry , composite material , polymer , physics , engineering , thermodynamics
The asymmetry of halloysite surface chemistry was used to perform a selective modification of its inner surface via grafting of a synthesized styrene/(methacryloyloxy)methyl phosphonic acid copolymer. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis ( TGA ) and pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry were used to evidence and quantify the grafting. Then, raw and hybrid nanoparticles were incorporated in polystyrene ( PS )/polyamide‐11 ( PA11 ) blends (80/20 and 60/40 wt%). Scanning electron micrographs showed differences in localization of the halloysite nanotubes ( HNTs ), since raw halloysite is concentrated in the PA11 phase while modified halloysite is also located at the PS / PA11 interface, leading to a better interfacial adhesion between PS and PA11 . An inhibiting effect of modified halloysite on PA11 coalescence was evidenced by measuring the particle size distribution of the extracted nodules. Moreover, the presence of modified halloysite at the interface shows an improvement in terms of thermal stability as observed by TGA , but with no significant effects on PA11 crystallization behaviour as shown by differential scanning calorimetry results. Rheological measurements were carried out to study the influence of the surface modification of halloysite on the blend morphology. A gel‐like behaviour was observed for the (60/40 wt%) HNTs reinforced composition that was enhanced in the case of 10% functionalized halloysite. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry