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Castor‐oil‐modified epoxy resins as model systems of rubber‐modified thermosets. 3: Use of nucleating agent to modify the particle‐size distribution
Author(s) -
Ruseckaite Roxana A.,
Fasce Diana P.,
Williams Roberto J. J.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
polymer international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.592
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1097-0126
pISSN - 0959-8103
DOI - 10.1002/pi.4990300303
Subject(s) - diglycidyl ether , castor oil , materials science , epoxy , diethylenetriamine , thermosetting polymer , particle size , volume fraction , chemical engineering , natural rubber , mass fraction , particle (ecology) , polyester , ethylenediamine , particle size distribution , composite material , phase (matter) , polymer chemistry , bisphenol a , chemistry , organic chemistry , oceanography , geology , engineering
Abstract Phase separation during polymerization was produced in a model system consisting of a diepoxide based on the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA), ethylenediamine (EDA), and a 15% mass fraction of either pure castor oil (CO) or a 95:5 mass ratio of CO and a polyester (PE) based on CO and oxalic acid. PE acted as a nucleating agent, leading to a significant decrease in the concentration of dispersed‐phase particles and the appearance of a fraction of large particles. Unimodal particle‐size distributions turned into bimodal distributions when adding PE, but the total volume fraction of dispersed phase remained constant. The addition of nucleating agents may be useful to develop formulations with optimum particle‐size distributions for toughening purposes.