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Antifungal effect of chitosan on the growth of Aspergillus parasiticus and production of aflatoxin B1
Author(s) -
CotaArriola Octavio,
CortezRocha Mario Onofre,
RosasBurgos Ema Carina,
BurgosHernández Armando,
LópezFranco Yolanda Leticia,
PlascenciaJatomea Maribel
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
polymer international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.592
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1097-0126
pISSN - 0959-8103
DOI - 10.1002/pi.3054
Subject(s) - chitosan , aspergillus parasiticus , aflatoxin , spore , chitin , mycotoxin , spore germination , food science , aspergillus flavus , germination , chemistry , fungicide , horticulture , biology , botany , biochemistry
Contamination of agricultural products by toxigenic fungi and the presence of mycotoxins cause serious economic damage, and toxic effects to humans and animals. In this study the effect of chitosan as a natural alternative for the control of the fungus Aspergillus parasiticus was evaluated. Chitosans were obtained from chitin previously extracted from shrimp heads using chemical (CS) and biological (CB) processes. The chitosan yields were 5.74 and 6.20% for CS and CB methods, respectively, with an amount of residual protein and ash below 1%, low molecular weight and degree of deacetylation of 80–82%. Chitosan showed fungistatic activity against A. parasiticus , with 6.71 and 10.66 g L −1 (CI 50 ) of CS and CB, respectively, being required to delay fungal growth by 50% at 122 h. Chitosan (CI 50 ) inhibited both radial growth up to 122 h, and germination of spores before 8 h higher than 50%. Chitosan also increased the average diameter of the spores and hyphae ( P ≤ 0.05), reduced the septation process and increased the number of mitotic divisions of spores during germination. However, compared with control, chitosan decreased ( P ≤ 0.05) aflatoxin B1 production at 8 days but increased ( P ≤ 0.05) the total aflatoxins production by A. parasiticus . Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry