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Toughening of aromatic diamine‐cured epoxy resins by modification with hybrid modifiers composed of N ‐phenylmaleimide–styrene copolymers and N ‐phenylmaleimide–styrene– p ‐hydroxystyrene terpolymers
Author(s) -
Iijima Takao,
Suzuki Norio,
Fukuda Wakichi,
Tomoi Masao
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
polymer international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.592
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1097-0126
pISSN - 0959-8103
DOI - 10.1002/pi.1995.210380405
Subject(s) - epoxy , copolymer , materials science , diglycidyl ether , glass transition , styrene , diamine , polymer chemistry , fracture toughness , toughness , bisphenol a , composite material , polymer
Hybrid modifiers composed of N ‐phenylmaleimide–styrene copolymers (PMS), and N ‐phenylmaleimide–styrene– p ‐hydroxystyrene terpolymers (PMSH) containing pendent p ‐hydroxyphenyl groups as functionalities, were used to improve the toughness of bisphenol‐A diglycidyl ether epoxy resin cured with p , p ′‐diaminodiphenyl sulphone. The hybrid modifiers were effective in toughening the epoxy resin. When using the modifier composed of 10 wt% PMS ( M̄ w 313000) and 2.5 wt% PMSH (2.5 mol% p ‐hydroxystyrene units, M̄ w 316000), the fracture toughness ( K IC ) for the modified resins increased 100% with no deterioration in the flexural properties and the glass transition temperature. The improvement in toughness of the epoxy resins was attained because of the co‐continuous phase structure and the improvement in interfacial adhesion. The toughening mechanism is discussed in terms of the morphological characteristics of the modified epoxy resin systems.