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A novel criterion for studying the phase equilibria of non‐ionic surfactant–triglyceride oil–water systems
Author(s) -
Van Hecke Elisabeth,
Catté Marianne,
Poprawski Jérôme,
Aubry JeanMarie,
Salager JeanLouis
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
polymer international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.592
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1097-0126
pISSN - 0959-8103
DOI - 10.1002/pi.1054
Subject(s) - pulmonary surfactant , microemulsion , ethylene oxide , nonylphenol , triglyceride , aqueous solution , chemistry , phase (matter) , chemical engineering , materials science , organic chemistry , chromatography , cholesterol , environmental chemistry , polymer , biochemistry , engineering , copolymer
The formulation of macro‐ and microemulsions through the Hydrophilic Lipophilic Deviation (HLD) concept based on phase behaviour observations, has mostly been applied to mineral oils. The present research reports a similar approach using triglyceride‐based oils (seven vegetable oils and one pure triglyceride) and ethoxylated (nonylphenol and isotridecanol) surfactant systems. Formulation scans are carried out by varying the surfactant average degree of ethoxylation, eg the ethylene oxide number (EON), at 50 °C, 55 °C and 60 °C. Because these systems do not exhibit a Winsor III phase behaviour, the so‐called optimum formulation was detected for EON 0.5 , ie the EON value at which the surfactant partitions equally into the aqueous and the oil phases, which was found to coincide with the minimum stability of the emulsified systems. Experimental EON 0.5 values ranged from 3.5 to 5.5 as temperature, oil nature and surfactant were altered. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry