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Interpenetrating polymer network from blocked isocyanates. I. Structure and properties of polyurethane‐urea polyvinyl simultaneous interpenetrating networks
Author(s) -
Michaud Philippe,
Camberlin Yves,
Mai Christian
Publication year - 1988
Publication title -
polymer engineering and science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.503
H-Index - 111
eISSN - 1548-2634
pISSN - 0032-3888
DOI - 10.1002/pen.760281203
Subject(s) - materials science , polyurethane , isocyanate , differential scanning calorimetry , interpenetrating polymer network , phase (matter) , polymer chemistry , polymer , glass transition , prepolymer , chemical engineering , composite material , organic chemistry , chemistry , physics , engineering , thermodynamics
A series of polyurethane‐urea/polyvinyl simultaneous interpenetrating polymer networks (SINs) were prepared starting from a mixture of isocyanate prepolymer blocked with N‐(1‐1′‐dimethyl‐3‐cxobutyl) acrylamide oxime, chain extender, vinyl monomers, and catalysts. Their physical properties and morphology were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical measurements, and small‐angle X‐ray scattering. The polyurethane‐urea networks examined were two‐phase in nature. The vinyl network was formed with diacetone acrylamide oxime, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, and N‐vinyl‐pyrrolidone. Calorimetric analyses revealed that the polyether soft segment phase separated within the SINs. At higher temperature, dynamic mechanical measurements demonstrated the presence of only one glass transition temperature ( T g ) intermediate in temperature to the T g of the vinyl network and the T g of the urethane hard phase. This is indicative of chain entanglement (interpenetration) between the vinyl network and the polyurethane hard segments resulting in a two‐phase morphology. Small‐angle X‐ray scattering analyses provided measurements of diffuse phase boundary thickness, phase mixing, and domain size distribution. Appreciable interfacial thickness was not observed and thus phase mixing occurred within the phases. Domain size distribution indicated that high network constraints hindered the development of domains and limited the phase segregation.