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Halogen‐free flame retarded rigid polyurethane foam: The influence of titanium dioxide modified expandable graphite and ammonium polyphosphate on flame retardancy and thermal stability
Author(s) -
Pang XiuYan,
Chang Ran,
Weng MengQi
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
polymer engineering and science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.503
H-Index - 111
eISSN - 1548-2634
pISSN - 0032-3888
DOI - 10.1002/pen.24811
Subject(s) - materials science , thermogravimetric analysis , ammonium polyphosphate , polyurethane , thermal stability , combustion , graphite , composite material , limiting oxygen index , chemical engineering , fire retardant , organic chemistry , chemistry , char , engineering
A titanium dioxide modified expendable graphite (EG T ) was prepared and characterized. The synergistic effect between EG T and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) on the combustion characteristics and thermal stability of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) were investigated through limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical‐combustion, microscale combustion calorimeter tests, and thermogravimetric/differential thermal gravimetric (TG/DTG) analysis. Results showed that EG T modified RPUF presented better thermal stability and flame retardancy than the normal expandable graphite (EG) modified RPUF. Addition of EG T improved the LOI value of 80RPUF/20EG T from 19.0% to 26.9%. Furthermore, the combination of EG T and APP caused the 80RPUF/10APP/10EG T to exhibit a LOI value of 27.8%, a vertical burning level of V‐0 and a total heat release of 16.5 kJ g −1 . The research gave a body of evidence for synergistic performance between EG T and APP, and the effect of condensed phase mechanism was believed to be the main reason for such synergistic effect. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 58:2008–2018, 2018. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers