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CO 2 foaming based on polystyrene/poly(methyl methacrylate) blend and nanoclay
Author(s) -
Han Xiangmin,
Shen Jiong,
Huang Hanxiong,
Tomasko David L.,
Lee L. James
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
polymer engineering and science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.503
H-Index - 111
eISSN - 1548-2634
pISSN - 0032-3888
DOI - 10.1002/pen.20679
Subject(s) - materials science , polystyrene , methyl methacrylate , nucleation , supercritical fluid , poly(methyl methacrylate) , phase (matter) , composite material , polymer , blowing agent , cell size , diffusion , chemical engineering , polymer chemistry , polymerization , polyurethane , organic chemistry , chemistry , engineering , thermodynamics , physics , biology , microbiology and biotechnology
A poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and nanoclay composite was dispersed into polystyrene (PS) using a twin‐screw extruder. The mixture was then batch foamed with supercritical CO 2 . It was found that the cell density of foams based on the blend is higher than that based on the weight average of the two pure polymer components at the same foaming conditions. The cell size decreases and the cell density increases with the increase of the PMMA domain size. One explanation is that the large PMMA domains serve as a CO 2 reservoir and the nucleation in the PS phase is enhanced by the diffusion of CO 2 from the PMMA phase to the PS phase. Very small PMMA domains cannot function as a CO 2 reservoir, and so they are not able to facilitate the nucleation. A much higher cell density and smaller cell size were observed when nanoclay was located at the interface of the PMMA and the PS domains, serving as the heterogeneous nucleating agents. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:103–111, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers