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Using poison center exposure calls to predict prescription opioid abuse and misuse‐related emergency department visits
Author(s) -
Davis Jonathan M.,
Severtson Stevan G.,
BucherBartelson Becki,
Dart Richard C.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.023
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1099-1557
pISSN - 1053-8569
DOI - 10.1002/pds.3533
Subject(s) - medicine , emergency department , medical emergency , medical prescription , pharmacoepidemiology , occupational safety and health , poison control , emergency medicine , suicide prevention , injury prevention , poison control center , psychiatry , pharmacology , pathology
ABSTRACT Background Prescription drug abuse is a critical problem in the USA and has been linked to more deaths than automobile accidents. Despite this growing epidemic, the USA lacks a timely early warning system. Poison centers (PCs) have the potential to act as sentinel reporting entities for prescription drug abuse and misuse due to near‐real‐time data reporting and abundant coverage in the USA. Methods Data from the Researched Abuse, Diversion and Addiction‐Related Surveillance (RADARS®) System PC program were compared with data from the Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) from 2004 through 2010. Population rates of PC call mentions regarding abuse and misuse of prescription opioids were compared with population rates of emergency department visit mentions of the same using linear regression. Products included in the analysis were the following: buprenorphine, fentanyl, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, methadone, morphine, and oxycodone. Results The strength of association between RADARS System PC data and DAWN emergency department visits regarding all opioids in aggregate was strong ( R 2 = 0.81, p < 0.001). The correlations between the two programs at the drug class level also were strong for buprenorphine, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, methadone, and oxycodone (all R 2 > 0.70, all p < 0.01), significant for fentanyl ( p = 0.05), and moderate for morphine ( p = 0.09). Conclusions Data on prescription opioid drug abuse from the RADARS System PC program correlates well with emergency room data from DAWN. Due to timeliness of data, geographic coverage and strong associations with other warning systems, PC data can be used for sentinel reporting on prescription drug abuse and misuse in the USA. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.