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Could adverse reactions of antibiotic drugs in children be detected in a prescription database?
Author(s) -
de Jong Josta,
Bos Jens H. J.,
de Vries Tjalling W.,
de Jongvan den Berg Lolkje T. W.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.023
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1099-1557
pISSN - 1053-8569
DOI - 10.1002/pds.2099
Subject(s) - medicine , medical prescription , adverse effect , pharmacy , antibiotics , drug , drug reaction , pharmacoepidemiology , database , diarrhea , proxy (statistics) , adverse drug reaction , pediatrics , pharmacology , family medicine , machine learning , computer science , microbiology and biotechnology , biology
Purpose To explore the possibility to detect adverse drug reactions (ADRs) from a pharmacy prescription database by examining the use of proxy‐drugs during the treatment. Methods From a pharmacy prescription database we selected all children of 0–6 years old who started an antibiotic drug between 1999 and 2006. In the period of 5 days before till 12 days after the initiation of the antibiotic, we examined the number of prescriptions of 5 groups of proxy‐drugs associated with adverse reactions: propulsives, skinmedication, antihistaminics, drugs against candidiasis and diarrhea. We did this also for cases where the children did not use any other drugs on the start day ( t = 0) and the 5 days before, to focus on the use of proxy‐drugs not related to the infection. Results A total of 105 804 antibiotic courses were selected. The use of the proxy‐drugs was the highest at the first day with no significant increase in the days thereafter. In case of no use of any other drugs from day −5 till day 0 a significant increase of antihistaminic use on day 7 and 8 and of skin medication use on day 7 was found. Conclusions Examining prescriptions of proxy drugs is not an optimal method to detect adverse reactions. An increase of antihistaminic use and skin medication use around day 7 in patients who had no other prescriptions 5 days before and on the first day of the course could be an indication for a skin reaction or allergy. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.