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Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of selected medicinal plants—effects of high pressure and added ethanol on yield of extracted substances
Author(s) -
Hamburger M.,
Baumann D.,
Adler S.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
phytochemical analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1099-1565
pISSN - 0958-0344
DOI - 10.1002/pca.743
Subject(s) - chemistry , chromatography , extraction (chemistry) , supercritical carbon dioxide , supercritical fluid extraction , supercritical fluid , yield (engineering) , carbon dioxide , ethanol , high performance liquid chromatography , organic chemistry , materials science , metallurgy
The possibilities and limitations of supercritical uid extraction of natural products of low, medium and high polarity under very high pressure and with polar modiers has been investigated. The medicinal herbs marigold ( Calendula ofcinalis ), hawthorn ( Crataegus sp.) and chamomile ( Matricaria recutita ) were used as models in this study. Extraction proles and the spectra of extractable metabolites were recorded following extraction with mixtures of carbon dioxide:ethanol of varying proportions (0–20% ethanol) and at various pressures in the range 300–689 bar. Components were identied by HPLC‐PAD‐MS or GC‐MS and quantied by HPLC or GC as appropriate. Extraction yields under the varying conditions depended to a large extent on the proles of secondary metabolites present in the three drugs. Whereas the extractability of lipophilic compounds increased substantially at pressures above 300 bar, the yields of polyphenolic and glycosidic compounds remained low even at 689 bar and with 20% modier in the extraction uid. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.