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Use of Innovative (Micro)Extraction Techniques to Characterise Harpagophytum procumbens Root and its Commercial Food Supplements
Author(s) -
Diuzheva Alina,
Carradori Simone,
Andruch Vasil,
Locatelli Marcello,
De Luca Elisa,
Tiecco Matteo,
Germani Raimondo,
Menghini Luigi,
Nocentini Alessio,
Gratteri Paola,
Campestre Cristina
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
phytochemical analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1099-1565
pISSN - 0958-0344
DOI - 10.1002/pca.2737
Subject(s) - chemistry , extraction (chemistry) , chromatography , high performance liquid chromatography , sodium , solvent , aqueous solution , ingredient , chloride , food science , biochemistry , organic chemistry
For the determination of harpagoside and the wide phenolic pattern in Harpagophytum procumbens root and its commercial food supplements, dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME), ultrasound‐assisted DLLME (UA‐DLLME), and sugaring‐out liquid–liquid extraction (SULLE) were tested and compared. Objectives In order to optimise the extraction efficiency, DLLME and UA‐DLLME were performed in different solvents (water and aqueous solutions of glucose, β‐cyclodextrin, (2‐hydroxypropyl)‐β‐cyclodextrin, sodium chloride, natural deep eutectic solvent, and ionic liquid). Material and Methods The plant material was ground and sieved to obtain a uniform granulometry before extraction. Commercial food supplements, containing H. procumbens are commercially available in Italy. Results The most effective sodium chloride‐aided‐DLLME was then optimised and applied for analyses followed by HPLC‐PDA. For comparison, microwave‐assisted extraction was performed using the same solvents and the best results were obtained using 1% of β‐cyclodextrin or 15% of sodium chloride. Conclusion All commercial samples respected the European Pharmacopoeia monograph for this plant material, showing a harpagoside content ≥ 1.2%. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.