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An Insight on Salting‐out Assisted Liquid–Liquid Extraction for Phytoanalysis
Author(s) -
Valente Inês M.,
Moreira Manuela M.,
Neves Pâmela,
Fé Thiago,
Gonçalves Luís M.,
Almeida Paulo J.,
Rodrigues José A.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
phytochemical analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1099-1565
pISSN - 0958-0344
DOI - 10.1002/pca.2676
Subject(s) - chemistry , estragole , anethole , chromatography , chlorogenic acid , camphor , extraction (chemistry) , phytochemical , high performance liquid chromatography , rosmarinic acid , caffeic acid , bioanalysis , organic chemistry , essential oil , antioxidant , biochemistry
Salting‐out assisted liquid–liquid extraction (SALLE) is a technique that, although simple and not requiring any complex equipment, is very powerful and versatile. It has obtained growing interest in bioanalysis particularly when combined with chromatographic techniques. Objectives Herein, fennel seeds ( Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) were used as a case‐study to show the application of SALLE in phytochemical analysis. Material and Methods SALLE combined with HPLC‐UV‐MS/MS and GC–MS. Results By HPLC‐UV‐MS/MS analysis of the organic extract it was possible to identify various phenolic compounds, including quercetin derivatives, caffeic acid, p ‐coumaric acid and chlorogenic acid. The main compounds identified by GC–MS were estragole, fenchone, anisaldehyde, anethole, benzaldehyde, camphor and apiole. Conclusion HPLC and GC analysis of the extracts showed that it is possible to isolate, in only one step, a wide range of compounds with distinct properties, allowing a detailed phytochemical analysis. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.