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Preparation of expandable graphite via H 2 O 2 ‐hydrothermal process and its effect on properties of high‐density polyethylene composites
Author(s) -
Kuan ChenFeng,
Tsai KuangChung,
Chen ChiaHsun,
Kuan HsuChiang,
Liu TaiYing,
Chiang ChinLung
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
polymer composites
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.577
H-Index - 82
eISSN - 1548-0569
pISSN - 0272-8397
DOI - 10.1002/pc.22224
Subject(s) - materials science , high density polyethylene , hydrothermal circulation , cone calorimeter , composite material , limiting oxygen index , graphite , polyethylene , thermogravimetric analysis , autoclave , x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , composite number , scanning electron microscope , chemical engineering , pyrolysis , char , engineering , metallurgy
This study presented a new way to prepare expandable graphite (EG), which is one kind of halogen‐free flame retardant using the H 2 O 2 ‐hydrothermal process. Natural graphite was immersed in H 2 O 2 and then put in autoclave to proceed the hydrothermal process. The EG was called as H 2 O 2 ‐HEG from the H 2 O 2 ‐hydrothermal process. The results showed that the expanded volume of EG using the H 2 O 2 ‐hydrothermal process was higher than that compared with convectional liquid phase synthesis, ultrasound irradiation, and hydrothermal method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction patterns, scanning electron microscope, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to analyze the structure and confirm that the EG had been prepared. Thermogravimetric analysis presents that H 2 O 2 ‐HEG can improve the thermal stability of composites. The cone calorimeter show that the peak heat release rate (HRR) values of composites decrease dramatically. Limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of H 2 O 2 ‐HEG composites is higher than that of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/natural flake graphite. HDPE composites are capable of passing the V‐0 classification and have antidripping behavior. LOI, UL‐94, and the cone calorimeter results show that the HDPE/H 2 O 2 ‐HEG composite possess excellent flame retardant property. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers