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Synthesis, cure analysis, and composite properties of allylated cyclopentadiene resins
Author(s) -
Mathias Lon J.,
Tregre Gregory J.
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
polymer composites
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.577
H-Index - 82
eISSN - 1548-0569
pISSN - 0272-8397
DOI - 10.1002/pc.10303
Subject(s) - cyclopentadiene , materials science , curing (chemistry) , flexural strength , catalysis , composite material , allyl chloride , polymer chemistry , chemistry , organic chemistry
Abstract Allylated cyclopentadiene was synthesized through the phase transfer reaction of cyclopentadiene and allyl chloride in the presence of a strong base. The reaction yielded a mixture of isomers with 2 to 6 allyl groups per cyclopentadiene ring. Variations in reactant ratios changed product ratios only slightly; however, lower ratios of allyl chloride to cyclopentadiene (4:1 and 2:1) produced lower substituted products. DSC analysis of the ACP showed thermal cure without added catalyst. The total enthalpy of cure was ∼750 J/g with a peak energy at 310°C. FTIR analysis of the thermal cure showed the predominate cure mechanisms to be ene reactions and polyadditions of allyl groups with a small amount of oxidation. Partial curing (B‐staging) of ACP was conducted thermally at 180 and 200°C. An increase in viscosity with time was found in each case with gelation occurring at ∼15 h and 3 h, respectively. ACP resin was also cured using various concentrations of peroxide and BF 30 dibutyl etherate catalysts. In all cases gelled materials were formed. ACP/carbon fiber and ACP/glass fiber composites gave flexural moduli of 165 and 42 GPa, respectively. Flexural strength values were found to be 956 MPa for ACP/carbon and 681 MPa for ACP/glass. Treatment of ACP/carbon fiber composites in boiling water or refluxing toluene had no significant effect on their mechanical properties.