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Treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in children: A practical perspective
Author(s) -
Egan Grace,
Chopra Yogi,
Mourad Stephanie,
Chiang KuangYueh,
Hitzler Johann
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
pediatric blood and cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.116
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1545-5017
pISSN - 1545-5009
DOI - 10.1002/pbc.28979
Subject(s) - medicine , myeloid leukemia , risk stratification , hematopoietic stem cell transplantation , intensive care medicine , disease , transplantation , oncology , childhood leukemia , leukemia , lymphoblastic leukemia
Abstract Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease that requires a multifaceted treatment approach. Although outcomes for low‐risk AML have improved significantly over recent decades, high‐risk AML continues to be associated with an adverse prognosis. Recent advances in molecular diagnostics, risk stratification, and supportive care have contributed to improvements in outcomes in pediatric AML. Targeted approaches, for example, the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors to treat FLT3 ‐ITD AML, offer promise and are currently undergoing clinical investigation in pediatric patients. New approaches to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, including the use of haploidentical donors, are significantly expanding donor options for patients with high‐risk AML. This review provides an overview of recent advances in the treatment of pediatric AML that are likely to have clinical impact and reshape the standard of care.