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High sensitivity and clonal stability of the genomic fusion as single marker for response monitoring in ETV6‐RUNX1 ‐positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Author(s) -
Hoffmann Jana,
Krumbholz Manuela,
Gutiérrez Helia Pimentel,
Fillies Marion,
Szymansky Annabell,
Bleckmann Kirsten,
zur Stadt Udo,
Köhler Rolf,
Kuiper Roland P.,
Horstmann Martin,
Stackelberg Arend,
Eckert Cornelia,
Metzler Markus
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
pediatric blood and cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.116
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1545-5017
pISSN - 1545-5009
DOI - 10.1002/pbc.27780
Subject(s) - minimal residual disease , medicine , etv6 , oncology , immunology , surrogate endpoint , acute lymphocytic leukemia , hematopoietic stem cell transplantation , t cell receptor , transplantation , leukemia , chromosomal translocation , t cell , lymphoblastic leukemia , biology , genetics , immune system , gene
Background Assessment of minimal residual disease (MRD) is an integral component for response monitoring and treatment stratification in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We aimed to evaluate the genomic ETV6‐RUNX1 fusion sites as a single marker for MRD quantification. Procedure In a representative, uniformly treated cohort of pediatric relapsed ALL patients ( n = 52), ETV6‐RUNX1 fusion sites were compared to the current gold standard, immunoglobulin/T‐cell receptor (Ig/TCR) gene rearrangements. Results Primer/probe sets designed to ETV6‐RUNX1 fusions achieved significantly more frequent a sensitivity and a quantitative range of at least 10 –4 compared to the gold standard with 100% and 73% versus 76% and 47%, respectively. The breakpoint sequence was identical at diagnosis and relapse in all tested cases. There was a high degree of concordance between quantitative MRD results assessed using ETV6‐RUNX1 and the highest Ig/TCR marker (Spearman's 0.899, P < .01) with differences >½ log‐step in only 6% of patients. A high proportion of ETV6‐RUNX1‐ positive ALL relapses (40%) in our cohort showed a poor response to induction treatment at relapse, and therefore had an indication for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, demonstrating the need of accurate identification of this subgroup. Conclusions ETV6‐RUNX1 fusion sites are highly sensitive and reliable MRD markers. Our data confirm that they are unaffected by clonal evolution and selection during front‐line and second‐line chemotherapy in contrast to Ig/TCR rearrangements, which require several markers per patient to compensate for the observed loss of target clones. In future studies, the genomic ETV6‐RUNX1 fusion can be used as single MRD marker.