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A Diagnostic Dilemma: Similarity of Neuroradiological Findings in Central Nervous System Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis and Aspergillosis
Author(s) -
Foley Jessica M.,
Borders Heather,
Kurt Beth A.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
pediatric blood and cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.116
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1545-5017
pISSN - 1545-5009
DOI - 10.1002/pbc.25967
Subject(s) - hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis , medicine , aspergillosis , context (archaeology) , central nervous system , neuroimaging , immunology , pathology , pediatrics , intensive care medicine , disease , psychiatry , paleontology , biology
Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in the context of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is not uncommon. Given the immunosuppressive nature of HLH therapy, infectious complications are also seen. We describe a 9‐year‐old male who developed acute neurological decline secondary to aspergillosis while undergoing HLH therapy. The significant overlap observed in CNS neuroimaging of HLH and aspergillosis and the subtleties that may help differentiate the two are discussed. The importance of obtaining tissue for definitive diagnosis is underscored.