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Neurological PRESentations in Sickle Cell Patients A re Not Always Stroke: A Review of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in Sickle Cell Disease
Author(s) -
Solh Ziad,
Taccone Michael S.,
Marin Samantha,
Athale Uma,
Breakey Vicky R.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
pediatric blood and cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.116
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1545-5017
pISSN - 1545-5009
DOI - 10.1002/pbc.25932
Subject(s) - medicine , posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome , pathophysiology , stroke (engine) , disease , sickle cell anemia , presentation (obstetrics) , encephalopathy , acute chest syndrome , anemia , pediatrics , intensive care medicine , surgery , magnetic resonance imaging , mechanical engineering , engineering , radiology
Acute neurological changes in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients often raise the suspicion for stroke. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) can mimic stroke in its clinical presentation. We aimed to (i) review the PRES literature in SCD patients including clinical presentation, risk factors, pathophysiology, and management and (ii) elucidate the distinction between PRES and stroke in SCD. The exact pathophysiology of PRES in SCD remains elusive but is likely multifactorial and related to sickling, ischemia, and chronic anemia predisposing to vasogenic edema. PRES and stroke in SCD are distinguishable conditions. Our review may help elucidate a clinical approach to this distinction.