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Prevalence of post‐thrombotic syndrome after cardiac catheterization
Author(s) -
Luceri Michael J.,
Tala Joana A.,
Weismann Constance G.,
Silva Cicero T.,
Faustino E. Vincent S.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
pediatric blood and cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.116
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1545-5017
pISSN - 1545-5009
DOI - 10.1002/pbc.25438
Subject(s) - medicine , cardiac catheterization , post thrombotic syndrome , thrombosis , confidence interval , complication , antithrombotic , deep vein , venous thrombosis , cardiology , surgery
Background As the survival of children with cardiac disease increases, chronic complications of deep venous thrombosis from cardiac catheterization, particularly post‐thrombotic syndrome, may be important to monitor for and treat, if needed. We aimed to determine the prevalence of this syndrome in children who underwent cardiac catheterization. Procedure We conducted a cross‐sectional study of children <18 years old at least 1 year from first catheterization through the femoral vein. We used the Manco‐Johnson instrument, the only tool validated in children, to diagnose post‐thrombotic syndrome. We defined the syndrome as a score ≥1. It was considered physically and functionally significant if the score was ≥1 in both physical and functional domains of the instrument. We also conducted ultrasonography to assess for thrombosis and valvular insufficiency. Results We enrolled 62 children with a median age of 4 months during catheterization and a median of 5.4 years since catheterization. A total of 40 children had post‐thrombotic syndrome (prevalence: 64.5%; 95% confidence interval: 51.3–76.3%), the majority of which were mild. Presence of cyanotic congenital heart disease, total number of catheterizations, use of antithrombotic agents at any time after the first catheterization, age at first catheterization, or time since first catheterization was not associated with the syndrome. A total of seven children (prevalence: 11.3%; 95% confidence interval: 3.2–19.4%) had physically and functionally significant syndrome. None of the children had abnormalities on ultrasonography at the time of enrollment. Conclusions Post‐thrombotic syndrome is a common complication after cardiac catheterization. Manifestations are usually mild and unlikely to require treatment. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:1222–1227. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.