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Risk factors for renal failure in pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia: A retrospective cohort study
Author(s) -
Fisher Brian T.,
Zaoutis Theoklis E.,
Leckerman Kateri H.,
Localio Russell,
Aplenc Richard
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
pediatric blood and cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.116
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1545-5017
pISSN - 1545-5009
DOI - 10.1002/pbc.22601
Subject(s) - medicine , incidence (geometry) , cohort , nephrotoxicity , retrospective cohort study , myeloid leukemia , hazard ratio , pediatrics , population , proportional hazards model , intensive care medicine , empiric therapy , toxicity , pathology , confidence interval , physics , alternative medicine , environmental health , optics
Background In children receiving treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) there is often concern for the development of acute renal failure (ARF). Despite this, data are limited to define the incidence of ARF in this population. This study aims to evaluate the rate of ARF in AML patients and to delineate the impact of age, race, various co‐morbid conditions and antimicrobial agents on the development of ARF. Methods A cohort of newly diagnosed AML patients from children's hospitals across the United States was identified using the Pediatric Health Information Systems database. Information regarding demographics, discharge diagnoses, pharmaceutical exposures, and hospital resource utilization were collected for each hospitalization for up to 1 year from AML diagnosis. Cox regression analysis was used to define the hazard ratios for development of ARF by demographic variables, co‐morbid conditions, and exposure to various antimicrobial agents. Results Within 1 year of AML diagnosis, 135 (16.2%) patients were diagnosed with ARF. After adjustment for the presence of co‐morbid conditions, the risk for ARF was greater in older patients and in black patients. Vancomycin exposure duration of greater than 48 hr and carbapenem exposure duration greater than 10 days were associated with an increased risk for ARF. Conclusion ARF is a relatively common problem in children with AML. Future studies should address the different risks of ARF by age and race. Empiric therapy with potentially nephrotoxic agents did not increase the risk of nephrotoxicity. Patients on prolonged vancomycin therapy should be monitored closely for development of ARF. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:655–661. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.