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Dysregulation of protein synthesis and disease
Author(s) -
Le Quesne John PC,
Spriggs Keith A,
Bushell Martin,
Willis Anne E
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
the journal of pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.964
H-Index - 184
eISSN - 1096-9896
pISSN - 0022-3417
DOI - 10.1002/path.2627
Subject(s) - untranslated region , translational regulation , translation (biology) , biology , messenger rna , three prime untranslated region , gene , post transcriptional regulation , regulation of gene expression , computational biology , ribosome , gene expression , protein biosynthesis , open reading frame , rna binding protein , microbiology and biotechnology , genetics , rna , peptide sequence
The regulation of protein synthesis plays as important a role as transcriptional control in the control of gene expression. Once thought solely to act globally, translational control has now been shown to be able to control the expression of most genes specifically. Dysregulation of this process is associated with a range of pathological conditions, notably cancer and several neurological disorders, and can occur in many ways. These include alterations in the expression of canonical initiation factors, mutations in regulatory mRNA sequence elements in 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs), such as upstream open reading frames (uORFs), internal ribosome entry segments (IRESs) and micro‐RNA (miR) target sites, and the altered expression of trans ‐acting protein factors that bind to and regulate these elements. Translational control is increasingly open for study in both fresh and fixed tissue, and this rapidly developing field is yielding useful diagnostic and prognostic tools that will hopefully provide new targets for effective treatments. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.