Premium
The role of TLR activation in inflammation
Author(s) -
Sabroe I,
Parker LC,
Dower SK,
Whyte MKB
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
the journal of pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.964
H-Index - 184
eISSN - 1096-9896
pISSN - 0022-3417
DOI - 10.1002/path.2264
Subject(s) - inflammation , receptor , toll , biology , pattern recognition receptor , immunity , immunology , host (biology) , signal transduction , human health , microbiology and biotechnology , disease , immune system , neuroscience , medicine , genetics , pathology , environmental health
The Toll‐like receptor family was originally identified in Drosophila , where it provides important developmental and immunological signalling. In mammals, the developmental signal appears to have been lost, but the immunological defence role of these receptors has been expanded to provide broad recognition of bacterial, fungal, viral and parasitic pathogens. There is increasing evidence that these receptors go beyond the recognition of microbial molecules to sense host tissue damage. Recognition of host molecules and commensal microbes is also involved in the restoration of normal tissue architecture after injury and in maintenance of epithelial health. Recent developments in the TLR field highlight the importance of these molecules to human health and disease and demonstrate that their targeting, to boost immunity or inhibit inflammation, is both feasible and also potentially challenging. Copyright © 2007 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.