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Immunohistochemical demonstration of androgen receptor in breast cancer and its relationship to other prognostic factors
Author(s) -
Isola Jorma J.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
the journal of pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.964
H-Index - 184
eISSN - 1096-9896
pISSN - 0022-3417
DOI - 10.1002/path.1711700106
Subject(s) - androgen receptor , immunohistochemistry , immunostaining , progesterone receptor , pathology , mammary gland , breast cancer , receptor , stroma , biology , cancer , androgen , medicine , cancer research , endocrinology , hormone , prostate cancer , estrogen receptor
Androgen actions and androgen receptors (ARs) have been described in human breast cancer cells both in vivo and in vitro . With the use of a new monoclonal anti‐AR antibody, AR was immunohistochemically demonstrated in 76 primary breast cancers. Positive immunostaining was found in 79 per cent of tumours. Benign ductal epithelium was often AR‐positive whereas the tumour stroma lacked AR immunoreactivity. At the subcellular level, nuclear localization was evident using either cross‐linking (Zamboni's fluid) or precipitating (acetone) fixatives on frozen sections. The use of archival paraffin‐embedded tissue yielded negative results. A significant association was found between expression of AR and oestrogen receptor (ER) ( P =0.0006) determined immunohistochemically on adjacent sections. Most progesterone receptor (PR)‐negative cases were also AR‐negative ( P =0.02), but significant proportion (38 per cent) of AR‐positive tumours did not contain PR. Unlike ER, AR was not associated with aneuploidy or erb ‐B2 oncogene overexpression, and was only marginally associated with tumour proliferation rate (S‐phase fraction by DNA flow cytometry). In conclusion, the close association of AR with ER and PR suggests that immunohistochemical determination of androgen receptors may have value as a prognostic factor and/or predictor of response to endocrine therapy.