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Conductivity, impurity profile, and cytotoxicity of solvent‐extracted polyaniline
Author(s) -
Kašpárková Věra,
Humpolíček Petr,
Stejskal Jaroslav,
Kopecká Jitka,
Kuceková Zdenka,
Moučka Robert
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
polymers for advanced technologies
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.61
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1099-1581
pISSN - 1042-7147
DOI - 10.1002/pat.3611
Subject(s) - polyaniline , hydrochloric acid , cytotoxicity , solvent , impurity , materials science , ethyl acetate , chromatography , polymer , aqueous solution , methanol , nuclear chemistry , extraction (chemistry) , acetone , chemistry , organic chemistry , polymerization , biochemistry , in vitro , composite material , metallurgy
Understanding the correlation between the preparation, purification, impurity leaching, and cytotoxicity of polyaniline is crucial for the application of this conducting polymer in biomedicine. Polyaniline hydrochloride was purified in a Soxhlet extractor by using six different solvents: methanol, 1,2‐dichloroethane, acetone, ethyl acetate, hexane, or 0.2 M aqueous hydrochloric acid. The chromatographic analyses of impurities leached out of the polymer into the solvents confirmed differences in impurity profiles, which depended on the polarity of the extraction solvent. Compared with the original polymer, the conductivity of purified polyanilines increased in dependence on the amount and type of extracted impurities. The cytotoxicity of purified samples determined on the mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line NIH/3T3 using MTT assay improved as well. Methanol and 0.2 M hydrochloric acid were the most efficient solvents capable of extracting low‐molecular‐weight impurities, and thus reducing polyaniline cytotoxicity. The absence of cytotoxicity was observed at an extract concentration of 10%. Extraction with suitable solvents can, therefore, be a possible way of obtaining cyto‐compatible polyaniline with sufficient conductivity. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.